Mark Twain is a famous American writer and journalist. His real name was Samuel Clemens. He was born in 1835 in Florida. Mark Twain started his literary career rather late. He worked as a journalist in newspapers in Nevada and California during the years of the Civil War. His father died when the boy was only 12 years old. Twain had to start working with his brother. In 1857 he became a sailor on the Mississippi.
After the Civil War, he worked as a reporter for the "Territorial Enterprise" in Virginia City. His witty style, characterizing all his following works, was formed during his work in that newspaper. Soon after his first stories had been published he received the fame of the first humourist of America. "The Gilded Age", "My Watch", "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" appeared during this period in Twain's literary career. The characteristic features of American comical folklore found their place in Twain's creative works. He ignores all the rules of the "true" art and laughs at the European civilization. As the Americans of his times he believes in democratic America, creating a new culture, ignoring all previous experience of mankind.
His removal to New York and his marriage to a daughter of a coal tycoon changed a lot in his life. He tried to become a businessman, but ruined himself and had to deliver lectures. In the 1870s he wrote "Life on Mississippi", and in 1885 — "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn". "The Prince and the Pauper", and "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" was also published during this time. In his works of that period, Mark Twain showed racial prejudices, the clash of humanism with the antihuman materialism of bourgeois world. His works of this period greatly influenced American literature. The last period of his creative work is the time of pamphlet, which became his most favorite genre.
After the Civil War, he worked as a reporter for the "Territorial Enterprise" in Virginia City. His witty style, characterizing all his following works, was formed during his work in that newspaper. Soon after his first stories had been published he received the fame of the first humourist of America. "The Gilded Age", "My Watch", "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" appeared during this period in Twain's literary career. The characteristic features of American comical folklore found their place in Twain's creative works. He ignores all the rules of the "true" art and laughs at the European civilization. As the Americans of his times he believes in democratic America, creating a new culture, ignoring all previous experience of mankind.
His removal to New York and his marriage to a daughter of a coal tycoon changed a lot in his life. He tried to become a businessman, but ruined himself and had to deliver lectures. In the 1870s he wrote "Life on Mississippi", and in 1885 — "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn". "The Prince and the Pauper", and "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" was also published during this time. In his works of that period, Mark Twain showed racial prejudices, the clash of humanism with the antihuman materialism of bourgeois world. His works of this period greatly influenced American literature. The last period of his creative work is the time of pamphlet, which became his most favorite genre.
ПЕРЕКЛАД
Марк Твен - відомий американський письменник і журналіст. Його справжнє ім'я було Семюел Клеменс. Він народився в 1835 році у Флориді. Марк Твен почав свою літературну кар'єру досить пізно. Він працював журналістом у газетах Невади та Каліфорнії в роки громадянської війни. Його батько помер, коли хлопчику було всього 12 років. Твен повинен був почати працювати зі своїм братом. У 1857 році він став матросом на Міссісіпі.
Після громадянської війни він працював репортером "Територіального підприємства" у Вірджинії. Його дотепний стиль, що характеризує всі його наступні твори, був сформований під час його роботи в цій газеті. Незабаром після того як його перші оповідання були опубліковані, він отримав славу першого гумориста Америки. "Позолочений вік", "Моє годинник", "Пригоди Тома Сойєра" з'явилися в цей період в літературній кар'єрі Твена. Характерні риси американського комічного фольклору знайшли своє місце у творчості Твена. Він ігнорує всі правила "справжнього" мистецтва і сміється над європейською цивілізацією. Як американці свого часу він вірить у демократичну Америку, створюючи нову культуру, ігноруючи весь попередній досвід людства.
Його переїзд в Нью-Йорк і його одруження з дочкою вугільного магната багато чого змінили в його житті. Він намагався стати бізнесменом, але руйнував себе і повинен був виголошувати лекції. У 1870-х роках він написав "Життя на Міссісіпі", а в 1885 році - "Пригоди Гекльберрі Фінна". У цей час були також опубліковані "Принц і Пупер", а також "Коннектикут янкі в короля Артурського двору". У творах того періоду Марк Твен показав расові забобони, зіткнення гуманізму з антилюдським матеріалізмом буржуазного світу. Його твори цього періоду сильно вплинули на американську літературу. Останній період його творчості - це час памфлету, який став його найулюбленішим жанром.
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