Academician S. P. Korolyov is a famous scientist and founder of practical cosmonautics. He was the chief constructor of the first Earth sputniks and spaceships.
S. P. Korolyov was born in 1906 in the small Ukrainian town of Zhitomir into a family of teachers. He spent his childhood with his grandparents in the town of Nezhin where he studied at home with a teacher. In 1922, at the age of 15, Sergei Korolyov began to study at a vocational building school in Odessa, where he received his secondary education and became a builder.
He was interested in mathematics, literature and he read a great deal. All his life he loved music. In 1923 Sergei Korolyov joined a Glider Pilots' Club, where he learned to construct gliders and to fly them. In 1925 Korolyov entered the Kiev Polytechnical Institute where he studied aviation and mathematics, but in the evening he had to work for money: he was a building worker, he worked at the post-office and he played very small roles in films.
After two years in Kiev Korolyov came to Moscow. In the day-time he worked at an aeroplane factory and in the evening he studied at the Moscow Higher Technical School. After lectures he worked at home on the design of a new glider. At the Moscow Higher Technical School Korolyov learned about К. Е. Tsiolkovsky's ideas on space travell and about his rocket.
In 1930 S. P. Korolyov graduated from the Moscow Higher Technical School and became an aviation engineer. At the same time he finished the Moscow Pilot School. During the Great Patriotic War S. P. Korolyov constructed a jet engine for aeroplanes and rockets. On October 4, 1957 the first man-made sputnik of the Earth was launched into space. It was the result of thirty years hard work and Chief Constructor was S. P. Korolyov. Then dogs were sent into space and only after a lot of experiments the first cosmonaut in the world — Y. A. Gagarin launched into space in the spaceship "Vostok" on April 12, 1961.
After this there were many other longer and more difficult flights. Then followed rockets to the Moon, Mars and Venus.
S. P. Korolyov died in 1966. For his brilliant work in the name of science and progress he was awarded two Gold Stars of the Hero of Socialist Labour. People will always remember the names of those who opened a new era in the conquest of outer space, and the name of S. P. Korolyov is one of them.
S. P. Korolyov was born in 1906 in the small Ukrainian town of Zhitomir into a family of teachers. He spent his childhood with his grandparents in the town of Nezhin where he studied at home with a teacher. In 1922, at the age of 15, Sergei Korolyov began to study at a vocational building school in Odessa, where he received his secondary education and became a builder.
He was interested in mathematics, literature and he read a great deal. All his life he loved music. In 1923 Sergei Korolyov joined a Glider Pilots' Club, where he learned to construct gliders and to fly them. In 1925 Korolyov entered the Kiev Polytechnical Institute where he studied aviation and mathematics, but in the evening he had to work for money: he was a building worker, he worked at the post-office and he played very small roles in films.
After two years in Kiev Korolyov came to Moscow. In the day-time he worked at an aeroplane factory and in the evening he studied at the Moscow Higher Technical School. After lectures he worked at home on the design of a new glider. At the Moscow Higher Technical School Korolyov learned about К. Е. Tsiolkovsky's ideas on space travell and about his rocket.
In 1930 S. P. Korolyov graduated from the Moscow Higher Technical School and became an aviation engineer. At the same time he finished the Moscow Pilot School. During the Great Patriotic War S. P. Korolyov constructed a jet engine for aeroplanes and rockets. On October 4, 1957 the first man-made sputnik of the Earth was launched into space. It was the result of thirty years hard work and Chief Constructor was S. P. Korolyov. Then dogs were sent into space and only after a lot of experiments the first cosmonaut in the world — Y. A. Gagarin launched into space in the spaceship "Vostok" on April 12, 1961.
After this there were many other longer and more difficult flights. Then followed rockets to the Moon, Mars and Venus.
S. P. Korolyov died in 1966. For his brilliant work in the name of science and progress he was awarded two Gold Stars of the Hero of Socialist Labour. People will always remember the names of those who opened a new era in the conquest of outer space, and the name of S. P. Korolyov is one of them.
ПЕРЕКЛАД
Академік С. П. Корольов - відомий вчений і засновник практичної космонавтики. Він був головним конструктором перших супутників землі і космічних кораблів.
С. П. Корольов народився в 1906 році в невеликому українському місті Житомирі в родині вчителів. Він провів дитинство з бабусею і дідусем в м Ніжині, де навчався на дому. У 1922 році, коли йому було 15 років, Сергій Корольов вступив в професійне будівельне училище в Одесі, де здобув середню освіту і став будівельником.
Він цікавився математикою, літературою і багато читав. Все своє життя він любив музику. У 1923 році Сергій Корольов вступив в планерний клуб, де навчився конструювати планери і управляти ними. У 1925 році Корольов вступив до Київського політехнічного інституту, де вивчав авіацію і математику, але вечорами йому треба було заробляти гроші. Він був будівельником, працював на пошті і виконував невеликі ролі у фільмах.
Проживши 2 роки в Києві, Корольов переїхав до Москви. Вдень він працював на авіазаводі, а вечорами навчався в Московській вищій технічній школі. Після лекцій він працював вдома, проектуючи нові літальні апарати. У Московській технічній школі Корольов познайомився з ідеями космічних польотів Ціолковського і з його ракетою.
У 1930 році він закінчив Московську вищу технічну школу і став авіаінженера. Одночасно він закінчив Московську льотну школу. Під час Великої Вітчизняної війни Корольов створив реактивний двигун для літаків і ракет. 4 жовтня 1957 був запущений перший штучний супутник Землі. Це був результат 30-річної старанної роботи, і Корольов був головним конструктором. Потім в космос полетіли собаки. І тільки після багатьох експериментів в космос полетів перший космонавт світу - Ю. А. Гагарін - на космічному кораблі "Восток". Це було 12 квітня 1961 року.
Після цього було багато більш тривалих і більш складних польотів. Потім ракети вирушили на Місяць, Марс і Венеру.
Корольов помер в 1966 році. За свою видатну діяльність в ім'я науки і прогресу, він був нагороджений двома золотими медалями Героя Соціалістичної Праці. Люди завжди будуть пам'ятати імена тих, хто відкрив нову еру в завоюванні відкритого космосу. Ім'я С. П. Корольова - одне з них.
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